sandr049

Internal Combustion  Spark Ignition (SI) An engine in which the combustion process in each cycle is started by use of a spark plug.  Compression Ignition (CI)  An engine in which the combustion process starts when the air-fuel mixture self-ignites due to high temperature in the combustion chamber caused by high compression. CI engines are often called Diesel engines, especially in the non-technical community. Top-Dead-Center (TDC) Position of the piston when it stops at the furthest point away from the crankshaft. Top because this position is at the top of most engines (not always), and dead because the piston stops at this point. Because in some engines top-de ad-center is not at the top of the engine (e.g., horizon- tally opposed engines, radial engines, etc.), some Sources call this position Head-End-Dead-Center (HEDC) Some sources call this position Top-Center (TC). When an occurrence in a cycle happens before TDC. When the occurrence happens after TDC. When the pisto...

  INTRODUCTION The internal   combustion engine   is a heat engine that convert    chemical energy in a fuel into mechanical   energy, usually made available   on a rotating   output shaft. Chemical energy   of the fuel is first converted   to thermal   energy by means   of com- bustion  or   oxidation    with   air   inside   the   engine.This   thermal   energy   raises the temperature   and pressure   of the gases within the engine, and the high-pressure gas then   expands   against   the mechanical   mechanisms   of the engine.   This expansion   is converted   by the mechanical   linkages of the engine to a rotating crankshaft,   which is the   output   of the   engine.   The   crankshaft,    in turn,   is connected...